Born in Wales is a comprehensive, population-based database which brings together data from maternity care, neonatal, birth, infant and child health, education records and survey responses including census data. Recruitment, 30,000 births per year.

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https://ncphwr.org.uk/portfolio/born-in-wales-overview/

https://saildatabank.com/about-us/

Born in Wales links electronic data of mothers, babies, and partners (including self-identified biological fathers or mothers’ partners) for children born in Wales, encompassing approximately 30,000 annual births. The linked health records include primary care data (from Wales Longitudinal General Practice (WLGP)), secondary care (from hospital admissions, emergency care, inpatient from Patient Episode Database for Wales (PEDW), and outpatient from Outpatient Database for Wales (OPDW)), maternal indicators (midwife data), public health records (vaccination uptake, hearing checks, health visitor assessment, breastfeeding initiation and duration, and COVID-19 vaccination/testing) as well as a core database for the National Community Child Health Database (NCCH). It also uses data from the ONS Annual Birth Extract (ADBE) for all births registered in Wales. Additionally, data from  education, Census 2011, substance abuse, social care (looked after children, child protection register, children in receipt of care, and family court) have been successfully linked.

HDR UK

SAIL Databank

Anonymised Linking Field (ALF) for each baby. This is the encrypted person identifier for linking across SAIL Databank datasets. It is derived from the individuals' NHS numbers and is double-encrypted (first by Digital Health Care Wales (DHCW) and then by SAIL).

ALF_PE

Primarily provides child birth information for live births registered in Wales since 2011. It includes such as birthweight, gestation time, birth order as well as information relating to babies' mothers

BIW_BIRTHS

This is the Apgar score taken within 1 minute after birth and is a measure of the baby's physical state with particular reference to asphyxia. Scores 3 and below are generally regarded as critically low; 4-6 fairly low, and 7-10 generally normal.This field can contain a high number of unknowns/non-entries.

APGAR_1

This is the Apgar score taken within 5 minutes after birth and is a measure of the baby's physical state with particular reference to asphyxia. Scores 3 and below are generally regarded as critically low; 4-6 fairly low, and 7-10 generally normal.This field can contain a high number of unknowns/non-entries.

APGAR_2

The mode of birth of a baby. This may be different for different babies in the same delivery.
1 - Spontaneous Vaginal Birth;
2 - Ventouse;
3 - Forceps;
4 - Elective Caesarean section - Caesarean section beofre, or at onset of labour;
5 - Emergency Caesarean section.

BIRTH_MODE_CD

Birth order. This is the order of birth for multiple births - it will mainly be '1' as most births are singleton births.

BIRTH_ORDER

The rural urban classification code (2011) ascribed to the LSOA at birth. The classification is provided by the Office of National Statistics and consists of:
A1 - Major conurbation, not sparse;
B1 - Minor conurbation, not sparse;
C1 - City & town, not sparse;
C2 - City & town in a sparse setting;
D1 - Town & Fringe, not sparse;
D2 - Town & fringe in a sparse setting;
E1 - Villages, not sparse;
E2 - Villages in a sparse setting;
F1 - Hamlets & isolated dwellings, not sparse;
F2 - Hamlets & isolated dwellings in a sparse setting.

BIRTH_RUC11

This is a derived variable. It is derived from the BIRTH_RUC11 and consists of 'URBAN' (A1, B1, C1 & C2) and 'RURAL' (D1, D2, E1, E2,  F1, F2).

BIRTH_RUR_URB

BIRTH_TM

Birth weight category - this is a derived variable. Categories list classes of birth weights, which are also used to discard outliers and missing values. Birth weight (BW) classes are defined as follows:
Extremely Low (ELBW)   < 1,000g;
Very Low (VLBW)   1,000 - 1,499g;
Low (LBW)                 1,500 - 2,499g;
Normal (NBW)         2,500 - 3,999g;
High (HBW)               4,000 - 4,999g;
Very High (VHBW)             > 4,500g.

BIRTH_WEIGHT_CAT

The Welsh Index of Multiple Deprivation (WIMD 2019) which is the Welsh Governments official  measure of relative deprivation. This is linked to the LSOA for regsitered address at birth. Each area has been assigned a ranking and this variable gives the quintiles of those rankings where 1 = most deprived and 5 is the least deprived.

BIRTH_WIMD_QUINT

Indicates if a child is breastfed at 6/8 weeks after birth. 1 = Breastfed, 0 = Not Breastfed.

BREASTFEED_8_WKS_FLG

Denotes the actual method of feeding established at the time of discharge from maternity care, typically within 1 week. 1 = Breastfed, 0 = Not Breastfed.

BREASTFEED_BIRTH_FLG

Unique encrypted child identifier, to be used to link between other NCCHD data views. Number of records does not equal the number of CHILD_ID_E's, so there are duplicates; also possible that one individual has several CHILD_ID_E's.

CHILD_ID_PE

These are causes of death from the as ICD10 codes from Annual District Death Extract (ADDE).

DEATHCAUSE_DIAG_1_CD

DEATHCAUSE_DIAG_2_CD

DEATHCAUSE_DIAG_3_CD

DEATHCAUSE_DIAG_4_CD

DEATHCAUSE_DIAG_5_CD

DEATHCAUSE_DIAG_6_CD

DEATHCAUSE_DIAG_7_CD

DEATHCAUSE_DIAG_8_CD

The underlying cause of death from ADDE. Codes are ICD10.

DEATHCAUSE_DIAG_UNDERLYING_CD

Delivery code. This indicates the mode of delivery for child.
0 = Spontaneous vertex - normal vaginal delivery, occipitoanterior;
1 = Spontaneous other cephalic - cephalic vaginal delivery with abnormal presentation of head at delivery, without instruments, wiht or without manipulation;
2 = Low forceps, not breech - e.g. forceps, low application, without manipulation. Includes forceps delivery not otherwise specified;
3= Other forceps, not breech - e.g. forceps delivery, with manipulation. Includes high forceps and mid forceps;
4 = Ventouse, vacuum extraction;
5 = Breech - spontaneous delivery assisted or unspecified. includes partial breeach extraction;
6 = Breech extraction - not otherwise specified. Includes total breech extraction and version with breech extraction;
7 = Elective caesarean section - caesarean section beofre, or at onset of labour;
8 = Emergency caesarean section;
9 = Other than those specified above - e.g. application of weight to lef in breech delivery. Includes destructive operation to facilitate delivery and other surgical or instrumental delivery.

DEL_CD

Ethnic group code by NHS Wales data dictionary - ethnicities grouped by parent group i.e. 
White, Mixed/Multiple ethnic group, Asian/Asian British, Black/Black British, Other ethnic groups, Not stated.
https://www.datadictionary.wales.nhs.uk/#!WordDocuments/ethnicgroup.htm

ETHNIC_GRP_6

Baby ethnic group code by NHS data dictionary: 
https://www.datadictionary.wales.nhs.uk/#!WordDocuments/ethnicgroup.htm
OR
https://datadictionary.nhs.uk/data_elements/ethnic_category.html

ETHNIC_GRP_CD

Country code of place of birth of father/second parent. The National Statistics Country Classification (NSSC) has been used to code the country of birth. This is available online viw NSCC.

FATHER_BIRTHCOUNTRY_CD

Occupation code of father/second parent. The Standard Occupational Classification (SCO) codes apply. These are available via the ONS website.

FATHER_OCC_CLASS_CD

Socio-economic classification of father/second parent. This is ony coded for approx. 10% of live births. Live births where employment status has not been coded will have SEC90F and SEC90M blank. Records where there is no father/second parent present on the birth registration will also have SEC90M blank.

FATHER_SOCIOECONOMIC_CLASS_CD

Gestation age. This the best estimate of gestation (in complete weeks) at the time of delivery; this is normally based on the postmenstrual age but may be modified on the basis of antenatal ultrasound scan. Where gestation is unknown it is based on the postnatal estimate of maturity.

GEST_AGE

Gestation age category - derived variable. Categories list classes for gestation ages, which are also used to discard outliers and missing values. Gestation age classes are defined as follows:
Extremely preterm (EPT)        < 28 weeks;
Very preterm (VPT)              28 - 31 weeks;
Preterm (PT)                            32 - 36 weeks;
Term (T)                                     37 - 41 weeks;
Late term (LT)                          42 - 44 weeks;
Very late term (VLT) ≥ 45 weeks.

GEST_AGE_CAT

This is the sex (gender) assigned to babies at birth. M = Male, F = Female.

GNDR_CD

This is a helper code to aid defining the pregnancy to which each birth data results belong too. It has been used to derive a pregnancy reference number field which is unique to each pregancy whether it is a singleton, or multiple pregnancy.

GROUP_NUMBER

Encrypted health visitor code. Unclear if this is assigned to health visitors or all visitors. Each health visitor requires a uniquie code to ascribe children to a health visitor or school nurse caseload. These codes are managed locally at local health board level.

HEALTH_VISITOR_CD_PE

Hospital provider site code for the place of birth.

HOSP_PROV_SITE_CD_BIRTH

The date of the initial maternity assessment / booking visit where a full health and social care needs assessment is undertaken and the antenatal sections of the maternity hand held record are completed.

INITIAL_ASS_DT

Code to indicate whethere medical or surgical augmentation of labour was undertaken in order to accelerate labour. The aumentation of labour is an intervention that is intended to increase the intensity of labour, usually when the caregiver deems that the labour is not 'progressing', or is progressing too slowly. Augmentation of labour differs from induction, in that the labout has already started in some way, but is not progressing, has slowed or stopped. This can also include interventions to stimulate contractions after the waters have broken on their own (although some caregivers will refer to this as an induction). Augmenting the labour involves artificial stimulation of the contractions. This may be needed if contractions have become weak, not coordinated (or irregular), far apart, not lasting long enough or have ceased for a period. If the labour needs augmenting, it means that the contractions are not efficient enough to dilate the cervix. Codes include:
1 - Medical or surgical augmentation was undertaken was undertaken;
2 - No medical or surgical augmentation was undertaken.

LABOUR_AUGMENTATION_CD

Code indicating if epidural was administered for pain relief. Epidural is an injection of local anaesthetic into the space outside the dura mater of the spinal cord in the lower back region to produce a loss of sensation especially in the abdomen or pelvic region. Codes include:
1 - Epidural administered;
2 - Epidural not administered.

LABOUR_EPIDURAL_STS_CD

Code indicating if the woman had an episiotomy during childbirth. Episiotomy is a surgical cut made at the opening of the vagina during child birth, to aid a difficult delivery and prevent rupture of tissues. Codes include:
1 - Yes;
2 - No;
9 - Not applicable - e.g. caesarean section.

LABOUR_EPISIOTOMY_CD

The estimated postpartum blood loss measured in millilitres (ml)

LABOUR_ESTIMATED_BLOOD_LOSS_ML

Labour onset code - the method by which the process of labour began or delivery by a caesarean section occurred:
1 - Spontaneous; the onset of regular contractions whether ot not preceded by spontaneous rupture of the membranes;
2 - Any caesarean section carried out before the onset of labour; or a planned elective caesarean section carried out immediately following the onset of labour, when the decision was made before the labour;
3 - Surgical induction; by amniotomy;
4 - Medical induction; including the administration of agents either orally, intravenously or intra vaginally with the intention of initiating labour;
5 - Combination of surgical induction and medical induction.

LABOUR_ONSET_CD

Code which indicates the lie of the foetus at the onset of labour. A foetal lie of 'Transverse' is compatible with a foetal presentation of '8 - other' or 'not known' only. It must not be used if the presentation is cephalic or breech. Conversely, a foetal lie of 'Oblique' or 'Longitudinal' may only be used where the foetal presentation is '1 - Cephalic', '2 - Breech', or '8 - Other'. Foetal Lie codes include:
1 - Transverse;
2 - Oblique;
3 - Longitudinal.

LABOUR_ONSET_FOETAL_LIE_CD

Code indicating the presentation of the foetus at the onset of labour. The reported presentation may be different for each baby born in a multiple birth. Codes include:
1 - Cephalic;
2 - Breech;
8 - Other - i.e. a transverse / other lie.

LABOUR_ONSET_FOETAL_PRESENTATION_CD

The number of foetuses at the onset of labour.

LABOUR_ONSET_FOETUS_NUM

The gestation period at the onset of labout, in completed weeks (rounded down). Gestation is the carrying of an embryo or foetus inside a woman. The time interval of a gestation is known as the gestation period.This should be estimated based on the findings of ultrasound scan at the initial assessment/booking visit, which is regarded as the most reliable means of calculating the gestation period. When an ultrasound scan is not undertaken this should be a best estimate based on the likely last menstrual period (LMP). Please use the example below to calculate and report the gestation period at onset of labour in complete weeks: - 9+6

LABOUR_ONSET_GEST_WEEKS

Code indicating the method by which the process of labour began or delivery by a caesarean section occurred. Only those methods that are used to induce labour, such as surgical induction, medical induction or a combination of the two, should be recorded. Methods that are used to accelerate labour should not. Codes include:
1 - Spontaneous - the onset of regular contractions whether or not preceded by spontaneous rupture of the membranes;
2 - Any caesareansection carried out before the onset of labour; or a planned elective caesarean section carried immediately following the onset of labour, when the decisions was made before labour;
3 - Surgical induction - by amniotomy;
4 - Medical induction - including the administration of agents either orally, intravenously or intra-vaginally with the intention of initiating labour;
5 - Combination of surgical induction and medical induction.

LABOUR_ONSET_MODE_CD

Code indicating if the mother esperienced a 3rd or 4th degree tear during childbirth.
1 - Yes;
2 - No;
8 - Not applicable - e.g. caesarean section.

LABOUR_PERINEAL_STS_CD

Current local health board (LHB) code of current residence - derived from the postcode.

LHB_CD_BIRTH

The Local Super Output Area (LSOA) of residence is based on 2011 LSOA data; this is a code created and maintained by the Office for National Statistics (ONS). There are 1,909 LSOAs in Wales.

LSOA_CD_BIRTH

Maternal age. Derived from mother's Week of Birth (WOB) and is the age of mothers on the WOB of their babies. It is the number of whole years on that date.

MAT_AGE

Encrypted Maternal Anonymised Linking Field. This is the derived in the same fashion as the ALF_PE.

MAT_ALF_PE

Country code of place of birth of birth mother. The National Statistics Country Classification (NSSC) has been used to code the country of birth. This is available online viw NSCC.

MAT_BIRTHCOUNTRY_CD

Maternal care code - the type of maternity care allocated/received for te mother. Different codes exist for missing data. These include:
0 - Booked and delivered consultant led care;
1 - Booked community hospital;
2 - Booked and delivered Midwife led care (MLC);
3 - Booked MLC (transferred antenatal);
4 - Booked MLC (Transferred in labour);
5 - Booked MLC (transferred postnatal in maternal interest);
6 - Booked MLC (transferred postnatal in infant interest).

MAT_CARE_CD

County and district code of usual residence of mother. These geographies will differe across the UK, based on time. In Wales, this is/was a subdivision of counties at the time.

MAT_COUNTYANDCOUNTYDISTRICT_CD

District code of usual place of residence of mother. These geographies will differ across the UK, based on time. In Wales, this is/was a subdivision of Counties at the time. In Wales, a District is/was a subdivision of Counties at the time.

MAT_COUNTYDISTRICT_CD

Maternal ethnic group code by NHS data dictionary: 
https://www.datadictionary.wales.nhs.uk/#!WordDocuments/ethnicgroup.htm
OR
https://datadictionary.nhs.uk/data_elements/ethnic_category.html

MAT_ETHNIC_GRP_CD

Code indicating if the mother intends to breastfeed the baby at birth:
1 - Yes (includes mothers who are expressing / intend to express breast milk for their baby;
2 - No.

MAT_INTENDS_BREAST_FEEDING_CD

Low Super Output Area (LSOA) code of the residence of the mother. The LSOA code has been derived from the postcode of usual residence of the mother.

MAT_LSOA_CD

Occupation code of Mother. The Standard Occupational Classification (SCO) codes apply. These are available via the ONS website.

MAT_OCC_CLASS_CD

This is the history of cigarette smoking habit of the mother. Codes refere to categorised rank of smoking or if smoker is in household:
0 - Non-smoker;
1 - Gave up during pregnancy;
2 - 0 - 9 per day;
3 - 10 or more per day.

MAT_SMOKING_CD

Socio-economic classification of mother. This is ony coded for approx. 10% of live births. Live births where employment status has not been coded will have SEC90F and SEC90M blank.

MAT_SOCIOECONOMIC_CLASS_CD

The urnan/rural classification code, included to the extent that this could be entered using information via ONS statistical records, derived from the postcode of usual residence of the mother.

MAT_URBANRURAL_CD

The electoral ward (also known as the neighbourhood) code of the residence of the mother. The ward code has been derived from the postcode of the usual residence of the mother.

MAT_WARD_CD

The weight of the mother in kg (to the neearest 100g), as measured at 36-38 weeks, or at onset of labour.

MAT_WEIGHT_KG

Maternal Week of birth. The date of the Monday that occurs prior, or on, the actual date of birth. Access to this data item is limited, however, as it can be used to calculate age at specific events. Possible errors in extract may include patients with events and event dates before WOB.

MAT_WOB

When a birth is one of a multiple birth the multiple birth indicators is set to 1. The field is blank for singleton births.

MULTIPLEBIRTH_IND_CD

Code is used to identify the type of multiple birth:
00 = 2 LIVE MALE;
01 = 1 LIVE MALE, 1 LIVE FEMALE;
02 = 2 LIVE FEMALE;
03 = 1 LIVE MALE, 1 STILL MALE;
04 = 1 LIVE MALE, 1 STILL FEMALE;
05 = 1 LIVE FEMALE, 1 STILL MALE;
06 = 1 LIVE FEMALE, 1 STILL FEMALE;
07 = 2 STILL MALE;
08 = 1 STILL MALE, 1 STILL FEMALE;
09 = 2 STILL FEMALE;
10 = 3 LIVE MALE;
11 = 2 LIVE MALE, 1 LIVE FEMALE;
12 = 1 LIVE MALE, 2 LIVE FEMALE;
13 = 3 LIVE FEMALE;
14 = 2 LIVE MALE, 1 STILL MALE;
15 = 2 LIVE MALE, 1 STILL FEMALE;
16 = 1 LIVE MALE, 1 LIVE FEMALE, 1 STILL MALE;
17 = 1 LIVE MALE, 1 LIVE FEMALE, 1 STILL FEMALE;
18 = 2 LIVE FEMALE, 1 STILL MALE;
19 = 2 LIVE FEMALE, 1 STILL FEMALE;
20 = 1 LIVE MALE, 2 STILL MALES;
21 = 1 LIVE MALE, 1 STILL MALE, 1 STILL FEMALE;
22 = 1 LIVE MALE, 2 STILL FEMALE;
23 = 1 LIVE FEMALE, 2 STILL MALE;
24 = 1 LIVE FEMALE, 1 STILL MALE, 1 STILL FEMALE;
25 = 1 LIVE FEMALE, 2 STILL FEMALE;
26 = 3 STILL MALE;
27 = 2 STILL MALE, 1 STILL FEMALE ;
28 = 1 STILL MALE, 2 STILL FEMALE;
29 = 3 STILL FEMALE ;
99= QUADRUPLETS OR MORE.

MULTIPLEBIRTH_TYPE_CD

Field derived from the MAT_SMOKING_CD field which indicates if there is a smoker in the household other than the mother.
1 - Smoker in household. Unknowns are blank.

OTHR_SMOK_HHOLD

County code for the place of birth. In Wales, county codes can be ceremonial, historic, or preserved; most changed into local authorities.

PLC_BIRTH_COUNTY_CD

District code for the place of birth. In Wales, this is/was a subdivision of Counties at the time.

PLC_BIRTH_COUNTY_DISTRICT_CD

County and District code for the place of birth. In Wales, this is/was a subdivision of Counties at the time.

PLC_BIRTH_COUNTYANDCOUNTY_DISTRICT_CD

Establishment type where birth occurred (e.g. NHS facility or other/elsewhere). Derived from CESTRESS (Communal Establishment Code).
RANGE = 00001 - 99998;
OR H = AT HOME;
OR E = ELSEWHERE.

PLC_BIRTH_ESTABLISHMENT_TYPE_CD

Organisation code for the local health board (LHB) for the place of birth identified via the NHS postcode directory.

PLC_BIRTH_HEALTH_ORG_CD

Marital/civil partnership status of parents and regsitration type. This field is derived based on whether marriage/civil partnership details are recorded at birth regsitration and whether the addresses of the other and father/second parent are the same. Births can be registered under the Human Fertilisation and Embryology Act 2008 by a same sex female couple (records where the variable PIND (second female parent indicator) == 1), these births could be registered within or outside of a civil partnership/marriage. Marriages of same sex couples could happen D103.since 29 March 2014.
1 = WITHIN MARRIAGE;
2 = OUTSIDE MARRIAGE, SOLE REGISTRATION;
3 = OUTSIDE MARRIAGE, JOINT REG, PARENTS SAME ADDRESS;
4 = OUTSIDE MARRIAGE, JOINT REG, PARENTS DIFFERENT ADDRESS.

PLC_BIRTH_MARRIAGE_IND_CD

Date of registration of the birth in the format YYYYMMDD

PLC_BIRTH_REG_DT

PLC_BIRTH_SHA_CD

The urban/rural classification code, included to the extent that this could be entered using information via ONS statistical records, derived from the postcode of the place of birth.

PLC_BIRTH_URBANRURAL_CD

A unique identifier for each pregnancy. Multiple pregancies (twins, triplets, etc) will have the same same pregnancy reference number but earlier/later pregnancies will have different reference numbers.

PREG_REF

The number of live births a woman has had in previous pregnancies. Used along with PREV_STILLBIRTH to calculate parity.

PREV_LIVE_BIRTHS

The number of still births a woman has had in previous pregnancies. Used along with PREV_LIVE_BIRTH to calculate parity.

PREV_STILLBIRTH

Total number of births (live or stillborn) at a particular delivery. Most will be singleton births and thus = 1.

TOT_BIRTH_NUM

WEIGHT_GRAMS

Baby Week of birth. The date of the Monday that occurs prior, or on, the actual date of birth. Access to this data item is limited, however, as it can be used to calculate age at specific events. Possible errors in extract may include patients with events and event dates before WOB.

Maternal anonymised Linking Field (ALF). This is the encrypted person identifier for linking across SAIL Databank datasets. It is derived from the individuals' NHS numbers and is double-encrypted (first by Digital Health Care Wales (DHCW) and then by SAIL).

Relational data which defines which ALF (Anonymised Linkage Field) links mother to baby and which of her pregnancies the baby belongs.

BIW_PREGREF

Detail realting to medication which were recorded as prescribed by the GP for babies within 6 days before or after their week of birth.

BIW_BIRTHS_MEDS

These are the version 2 read codes which related to prescriptions which were issued by GPs to babies within 6 days before or after their week of birth (WOB) date.

EVENT_CD

Date on which the prescription was issued.

EVENT_DT

Indicates which dataset this data comes from - should all be GP as we have no other precribing data from secondary care currently.

SOURCE

This is the code type the the EVENT_CD uses. As all come from the GP at present and all usable GP data in SAIL used read codes version 2, they should currently all be 'READ2'.

CODETYPE

Details of diagnoses which were attributed to babies within 6 days before or after their week of birth. Contains diagnostic codes from both primary diagnostic codes from hospital admissions and from GP data.

BIW_BIRTHS_DIAG

Read code version 2 codes from GP and ICD10 codes from hospital admissions which related to diagnoses (Primary diagnosis for hospital data were there are multiple diagnoses). These all related to the babies and diagnoses which occurred within up to 6 days before and after a Week of Birth (WOB).

Indicates which dataset this data comes from - both 'GP' and 'HOSP' (hospital admissions).

This is the code type the the EVENT_CD uses. Will consist of either 'READ2' or 'ICD10' depending on whether the code comes from GP or hospital admissions data respectively.

Details of procedures and lab codes which were attributed to babies within 6 days before or after their week of birth from hospital admissions and from GP data.

BIW_BIRTH_PROC

Read code version 2 codes from GP and OPCS4 codes from hospital admissions which related to procedures (GP contains admin and lab data too) . These all related to the babies and diagnoses which occurred within up to 6 days before and after a Week of Birth (WOB).

This value is associated with the EVENT_CD, e.g. the value of diastolic blood pressure

EVENT_VAL

Born in Wales

Responses to online survey for parents of nursery aged children

BIW_NURSERYSURVEY

Primarily provides child birth information for live births registered in Wales since 2011. It includes such as birthweight, gestation time, birth order as well as information relating to babies" mothers

Responses to online survey during pregnancy

BIW_EXPECTANTMUMSURVEY

Responses to online survey for parents of 18 month olds

Born in Wales

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